| WIND | ____ power in the form of windmills has been used for centuries for such tasks as grinding grain and pumping water (4) |
| TAR | Thick black inflammable liquid used for centuries for sealing and caulking on ships (3) |
| NETHERLANDS | Which European country, famous for tulips and windmills, has Amsterdam as its largest city? (11) |
| CAPS | Mortarboards when donned with gowns; or, the roofs of windmills (4) |
| DIANTHUS | Carnation, pink or sweet william's botanical nomenclature felicitously translating as "divine flower" or "flower of the gods", for said blooms have been cherished for centuries for their beauty and cl |
| VANES | Parts of windmills |
| PEWTER | What alloy of tin and lead was popular for centuries for mugs, plates and utensils? (6) |
| SCONE | The Stone of ---, block of sandstone used for centuries in the coronation of Scottish monarchs and latterly monarchs of the United Kingdom (5) |
| OSMIUM | A hard alloy of this metal and iridium has been used for tips of fountain pens and phonograph needles. English chemist Smithson Tennant discovered the element together with iridium in the residues of |
| PORTLANDSTONE | Form of sedimentary rock quarried in Dorset that has been used for buildings including St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace (8,5) |
| ICEHOUSES | Used for centuries to store snow during winter in Mallorca, the remains of these structures can still be seen in the island's mountain peaks (3,6) |
| CAMPION | A plant of the pink family, of the genera Silene and Lychnis, said to have been used for victors' garlands in ancient times |
| TEACHEST | Large sealed wooden box, used for centuries to transport dried leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis (3,5) |
| THEWEDDINGFEAST | Name that has been used for both of two consecutive parables in Luke 14 |
| ESMERALDA | Sailiing ship in the Chilean navy, this training vessel is alleged to have been used for detention and torture in the post-Allende period |
| LAVENDER | "Livid" yet calming fragrant herb used for centuries to scent laundry, perfumes and soaps and to promote cleanliness, hence its etymological connection to washing or "wash" (8) |
| ROSEWOOD | What has been used for furniture came up near the forest (8) |
| BEESWAX | What has been used for leather waterproofing for millennia? (7) |
| ERICA | Mediterranean heather that covers hillsides and woodlands of Mallorca with colour from October to January, bees love it and for centuries it has been used in herbal medicines |
| ELM | The bark of this North American tree has long been used for medicinal purposes, slippery ... |
