| ESTATESGENERAL | Sovereign body of the Dutch republic during the 16th to 18th centuries (7,7) |
| BRIGANTINE | Sailing ship with two differently rigged masts, often used by pirates in the 16th to 18th centuries |
| PRIVYCOUNCIL | Sovereign's body of advisers (5,7) |
| RECUSANTS | In the 16th to 18th centuries, Roman Catholics who did not attend Church of England services (9) |
| UTRECHT | Union of - - -, agreement signed in 1579 that created the Dutch Republic (7) |
| TRAINBAND | A company of English militia, 16th to 18th century (9) |
| TULIPMANIA | Market phenomenon of the 1630s Dutch Republic |
| DELFTWARE | Type of blue and white pottery made in the Netherlands predominantly from the 16th- to the 18th-centuries |
| GHETTO | This word is derived from the Italian dialect form gheto, "foundry," which refers to the Venetian island where Jews were forced to live during the 16th century. The English term came into use by 1611. |
| PIRATES | Sea bandits, as those who plagued the Mallorcan coast from Pollensa and Alcudia in the north-east to Soller and Andtratx in the west and south during the 16th and 17th centuries (7) |
| FRAKTUR | Ornate German style of black- letter type, the standard typeface for printing German from the 16th to the mid- 20th century (7) |
| SABOT | Heavy wooden work shoe associated with the 16th- to 19th-century French peasantry, similar to the Dutch klomp (5) |
| GALLEON | Square-rigged sailing ship used by the Spanish from the 15th to 18th centuries (7) |
| EDAM | Which cheese was the world's most popular from the 14th to 18th centuries? (4) |
| ESTE | Noble family of Italy that governed Modena and Reggio from the 13th to 18th centuries (4) |
| SHANG | Earliest Chinese dynasty of which written records exist, ruling from around the 16th to 11th centuries BC (5) |
| MANOFWAR | Heavily armed vessel of the 16th to 19th century |
| MANTUA | A woman's loose outer gown in the 17th to 18th centuries (6) |
| GALLEONS | Trading ships which went between Spain and America from the 15th to 18th centuries (8) |
| ORSINI | Prominent aristocratic family in Rome from 12th to 18th centuries (6) |
