| BERN | European capital city (Pop about 150,000), founded in the 12th century (4) |
| STELLENBOSCH | University town in South Africa (pop about 150,000), founded in 1679 (12) |
| BERLINER | Citizen of European capital city (pop about 4 million), founded in the 12th century (8) |
| RIGA | European capital city (pop about 650,000), a member of the Hanseatic League from 1282 (4) |
| RABAT | African capital city (pop about 600,000), founded in the 12th century (5) |
| ISLE | Emerald -; poetic name for the country invaded by Henry II in the 12th century (4) |
| INCA | Which empire established its capital at Cuzco, Peru, in the 12th Century? (4) |
| TIRANA | Capital in south-east Europe (pop 320,000), founded in the 12th century (6) |
| AMSTERDAM | European capital city (pop about 850,000), a major seaport founded in the early 14th century (9) |
| VILNIUS | East European capital city (pop about 575,000), a European capital of culture in 2009 (7) |
| MELROSE | Borders town (pop about 2,000), with a ruined abbey founded in the 12th century (7) |
| ACEH | Region of Indonesia where more than 150,000 people died in a 2004 tsunami (4) |
| HELSINKI | European capital city (pop about 560,0000), founded in 1550 (8) |
| PRAHA | European capital city (pop about 1.3 million), founded in 1231 (5) |
| VIENNESE | Citizen of a European capital city (pop about 2 million), founded in 360 BC (8) |
| MADRID | A European capital city (pop about .2 million), founded in 865 AD (6) |
| WARSAW | European capital city (pop about 1.8 million), founded in 1280 (6) |
| SIENA | This Italian city was originally an Etruscan settlement that grew to become ancient Roman city. Its cathedral was begun in the 12th century in the Romanesque style but transformed in the 13th century |
| CARMELITE | In the Roman Catholic Church, a member of an order of mendicant friars founded in the 12th century ( |
| TINTERN | Ruined abbey in Monmouthshire, founded in the 12th century (7) |
